Presentazione dei sei Curricula del Corso di Laurea Magistrale in Scienze Fisiche
Presentazione dei sei Curricula del Corso di Laurea Magistrale in Scienze Fisiche.
This seminar presents the diverse use of Machine Learning tools and approaches in High Energy Physics. It focuses on the practices of the experiments at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. The LHC experiments use Machine Learning in a wide range of applications. These range from straightforward procedures of trying to differentiate the new physics and known processes in data analysis using e.g. deep neural networks, to using Machine Learning to replace traditional Monte Carlo simulation of physics processes.
State-of-the-art attempts comprise using programmable FPGA chips to implement very fast Machine Learning tools in detector operations, exploring the use of Machine Learning algorithms on Quantum Computers, employ Artificial Intelligence approaches to design the new generations of experiments, solve theoretical equations, etc...
Special emphasis will be given to the implementation of the transfer of latest commercial approaches, such as generative modelling, into scientific procedures with advantages they bring as well as associated caveats. Finally, a speaker’s vision of the future of Machine Learning in HEP will be given.
Si tratta di 10 giorni full-time, nel periodo appena successivo alla fine dell’anno scolastico, nei quali gli studenti potranno conoscere da vicino il mondo della ricerca in Fisica, vivendo a stretto contatto con fisici – docenti, ricercatori, studenti - in un clima stimolante e informale.
The paradigmatic geometrical observable is the macroscopic electric polarization P of a crystalline insulator: since the early 1990s it is known that P is a geometric phase of the ground-state wavefunction. The geometrical nature of several other observables has been elucidated over the years: most notably orbital magnetization and anomalous Hall conductivity. In some special cases a geometrical observable is quantized, and becomes therefore topological: extremely robust with respect to perturbations, and measurable in principle with infinite precision.
In this talk I will start explaining what “geometrical” means in quantum mechanics. Then I will outline the main features of P and of a few other observables.
The talk will be addressed to Master/PhD students as well as to researchers.
Leo Esaki was awarded the Nobel prize in physics in 1973 for his pioneering studies on electron tunnelling: he coined the term “do-it-yourself quantum mechanics” a couple of decades after that. Since then, our toolkit for implementing this concept has expanded exponentially, advancing our ability to fabricate physical objects embodying virtually any Hamiltonian. Today we term all this quantum technology. In this conversation I shall discuss some of the trends within the solid-state realm. I aim to highlight that all this has been driven by the continuous development of few basic concepts and how this is still hindered by the lingering classical mindset and language being used.
Titolo
Quantum Cryptography
Relatori
Giovanni Chesi
Diretta youtube
Titolo
Il problema delle radiazioni nell'esplorazione spaziale
Relatori
Ricardo Ramos e Mario Carante
Diretta youtube
Since its first observation in the early eighties, the W boson has always found a place in the research program of high-energy colliders. Within the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics, the W boson mass can be predicted from a few observables which have been now measured with high precision: comparing the SM prediction to a sufficiently accurate measurement of the W mass thus provides a consistency test of the model. However, the SM prediction could be broken by quantum corrections induced by new unknown fields, which would actually turn the consistency test into indirect evidence of new physics.
Unfortunately, a precise measurement of the W boson mass at colliders is also extremely challenging for a wealth of reasons, as it is also possibly implied by the neat tension between the two most-precise measurements to date. The CMS experiment at the LHC is now in the process of delivering a new measurement of the W mass. This will come as the result of an impressive amount of work done by researchers (and students!) who have been carefully ticking off all the items on a long task list over the past years. In this talk, a concise overview of the state of the art will be given, focusing on the challenges posed by the quest for precision at the LHC and on some of the solutions that have been worked out along the way.
Titolo
Il ruolo del fisico nella radiobiologia applicata
Relatore
Leonardo Lonati
Diretta youtube