Titolo

Introduzione al Machine Learning

Relatori

Ian Postuma, Giacomo Polesello

Diretta youtube

https://www.youtube.com/@physics-unipv

Titolo

Signori, i muoniiiii!

Relatori

Ilaria Vai, Chiara Aimè

Diretta youtube

https://www.youtube.com/@physics-unipv

The proton is one of three building blocks of the atom. Since the 1960s, we have known that a proton consists of three quarks. However, researchers now have a much more differentiated picture of this familiar particle. Lepton scattering on nucleon is a very nice tool to reveal the structure of the nucleon. In the past elastic scattering and deep inelastic scattering have provided fundamental observables to determine nucleon size or momentum of quarks and gluons inside the nucleon. Nowadays high-energy exclusive experiments are still more challenging aiming to describe more precisely quarks and gluons to measure energy, angular momentum and pressure inside the nucleon. Exclusive reaction means that the final state with the emission for example of a single photon or a meson, is clearly identified. This requires the detection of all the particles in the event with high precision. We will review exclusive experiments, which have been realised in the world so far and why a new electron-ion collider (EIC) of high energy, high luminosity equipped with a hermetic detector of high resolution can help to achieve this goal. We will describe the first extraction of the pressure inside the nucleon which has been published in 2018. The pressure distribution inside the nucleon indicated that the central value is of the same order as that of neutron stars.This result opens a nice avenue and the experimental method is so demanding that it is worth pursuing the effort at EIC.

Our Galaxy is a dynamic place, teeming with interactions, close encounters and explosions. In this seminar, the speaker will describe how transient signals of these activities may be detected, measured and understood, and how remarkable structures have emerged from turbulent times. It will be defined and discussed spectroscopy and illustrate what a powerful tool in the toolkit it is to explore dynamic behaviour in the Galaxy, both in terms of extreme orbital paths as well as explosions and ejections. The Global Jet Watch will be introduced, which is the means by which “time-lapse” spectroscopy can be obtained for various research endeavours, and show how these elucidate particle acceleration in relativistic jets, jet launch from nova explosions, circumbinary orbiting matter and star-star interactions during their “flypast” at their periastron.

Incontro di benvenuto per i nuovi studenti della laurea triennale in fisica

In order to study physical effects of quantum fields on curved spacetimes, one needs appropriate Hadamard states to describe the fields. In this talk, we present a rigorous construction, including the proof of the Hadamard property, of the Unruh state for the free scalar field on slowly rotating Kerr-de Sitter spacetimes. We demonstrate how this state can be used to compute the stress-energy tensor of the quantum field and present numerical results for the stress-tensor at the inner horizon.

Seconda edizione del corso di formazione e aggiornamento per docenti di matematica, fisica e scienze delle scuole secondarie superiori.

Il Prof. Pablo Torres Sanchez dell'Università di Granada terra un ciclo di due seminari sulla fisica neutronica.

The neutron Time Of Flight (n_TOF) Facility is the neutron source at CERN. Highly energetic protons from the CERN accelerator complex collide with a lead target to produce, via spallation processes, large amounts of neutrons kinetic energies ranging from few meV to several GeV, and send to three experimental areas located at 185 m (EAR-1), 20 m (EAR-2) and 3 m (NEAR station) from the spallation target. At these locations, neutrons are used to study neutron-nucleus interactions of great importance in a wide variety of research fields. This seminar will provide an overview of the research activities performed at n_TOF, ranging from fundamental nuclear physics studies such as symmetry breaking effects in compound nuclei and nuclear level densities to broad applications as astrophysics (stellar nucleosynthesis), nuclear technology (nuclear fuel cycle investigations, transmutation of nuclear waste or accelerator driven systems for energy generation) and medical applications (search for new routes of radioisotope production and neutron dosimetry).

Neutrons are constituents of matter of great interest for nuclear and particle physics. In addition, their unique fundamental characteristics (mass, no charge, non-zero magnetic momentum) turn them into very useful probes for analyzing the structure of matter. Low energy neutrons have an intrinsic De Broglie wavelength of the order of magnitude of atoms and molecules, thus becoming great tools to understand the crystalline structure of materials, or the complex structures of biological macromolecules as proteins or the DNA. In addition, their energy lies in the range of the dynamics of such systems, enabling the unveiling the nature of processes spanning from solid state physics to molecular biology. Such research requires from powerful neutron sources such as the Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL, Grenoble, France), host of the highest-intensity neutron source for research, and the European Spallation Source (ESS, Lund, Sweden), which will start operation in the near future. This seminar will show a broad picture of the use of neutrons in science at these
world-class facilities